by Ryszard Walo | Nov 10, 2018 | Bez kategorii
Ubiquitous quantum gas is the subatomic world of matter. It fills the outer space and the interatomic space in solids, liquids, and gases. Like any gas, it creates resistance to motion for the objects moving in it. Therefore, it becomes necessary to introduce the...
by Ryszard Walo | Oct 24, 2018 | Bez kategorii
An electron and positron have identical mass with accuracy to many decimal places. An electron and positron have differing by a sign an identical charge with accuracy to twenty decimal places. This means that trails of these particles in a cloud chamber should be...
by Ryszard Walo | Sep 3, 2018 | Bez kategorii
In this note, we are going to explain what the evolution of dark energy from the kinematical side is. According to Model 31, dark energy (ether) is an elementary, eternally existing form of matter that fills the Universe. Dark energy particles occur in the form...
by Ryszard Walo | Jul 20, 2018 | Bez kategorii
An atom is made up of the nucleus and electrons. The nucleus of an atom is a spiral chain whose links are alpha particles, each neutralized by two electrons of the atom. Figure 1. The atomic nucleus of fluorine as a chain of alpha particles. The greater the...
by Ryszard Walo | Jun 13, 2018 | Bez kategorii
In the hydrogen atom, the distance of electron from proton calculated on the basis of the Coulomb’s law is 1.059 x 10-10 m. Thus, we can calculate the force with which electron and proton attract each other in the hydrogen atom. F – the attraction force between...
by Ryszard Walo | Jun 1, 2018 | Bez kategorii
A proton in a Bainbridge mass spectrometer will draw a semicircle of a specific radius R, as presented in Figure 1. Figure 1 After calculations according to the formula we get the mass of the proton m equal to 1.6726 x 10-27 kg. In a Bainbridge mass spectrometer, the...
by Ryszard Walo | Mar 28, 2018 | Bez kategorii
The structure of an atom of hydrogen is very similar to a free neutron (see Figure 1). Figure 1 They are both electric dipoles with different dipole moments. The distance of an electron from proton in the hydrogen atom is 1.059 x 10-10 m, which gives a dipole...
by Ryszard Walo | Mar 5, 2018 | Bez kategorii
Abstract The author tells American farmers how to solve an existing from over fifty years problem of self-heating hay bales in the field, in the barn, in the stack. A spontaneous combustion of different bodies is a result of a physical process of self-heating....
by Ryszard Walo | Feb 20, 2018 | Bez kategorii
A nucleus in beta decay is transformed from one quantum state with a well defined energy to another quantum state also with a well defined energy. However, beta particles emitted in this process have no fixed energy. Why is this happening? The lack of a reasonable...
by Ryszard Walo | Jan 31, 2018 | Bez kategorii
WHAT IS AN ELECTRON? As shown in the main elaboration, pairs of electrons in an atom emit pairs of energy quanta, which immediately form a complex quantum connected with the magnetic poles (see the figure below). Figure 1 Each complex quantum is a precursor of an...
